Motivation and Tourism

As it is a forgiving right to rescue a pass, this report discus the motivating reasons and the appeal factors why throng guide their tourist terminal. The report leave start with definitions of tourism and motivation, followed buy a few theories of motivation, and ending with a conclusion. Theses theories argon relating to the repel of individual/s to embark on a holiday, and the devote of the tourist destination.Definitions According to the UK tourism Society and cited in the BTEC National Travel and Tourism book, by Elise James, Joanne Thirlaway and Ursula Woodhouse. (2007, pg3) Their abandonment of tourism is as follows. The temporary, short-term movement of people to destinations extinctside the places where they unremarkably live and work, and their activities during their stay at these destinations. Motivation as defined in the in the book Tourism Principles and Practices. By Cooper, Fletcher, Gilbert, Shepherd and Wanhill, 2nd edition. (1998, pg32) Is Derives fro m the article motivate, which is to course a person to act in a certain(prenominal) way, or to stimulate inte equaliser.Definitions of Tourism and Motivation at that placere as many contrastive types of holidays and tourists destinations, as in that location argon people. Personality traits confuse a lot to account for in the decision making process, of where we choose to go on holiday. Mr Stanley Plog in 1974 (Holloway 6th ed, 2002) true a theory, which classified the general US public into two desictive bases. Psycho-centric A tourist that is more concerned with himself or herself, more than often is impatient about the security of travelling. They enjoy a resort or group package behavior holiday. Would more than likely be a supply visitor for the comfort of familiarity. Example of this would be a Packaged style holiday to Spain. Were the tourist has purchased the transport and accommodation as one product. AllocentricA tourist that seeks excitement, novelty, and most ly likes being out of his or hers comfort zone. They would have no qualms of travelling alone to or from a destination by them selves, or stay outside the resort or hotel environment. Examples of this would be a backpacker, staying at a hostel in Budapest. Not only is it a non-English speaking country, it is also out side of the European Union. Making it more exciting to the true allocentric.As this is only a theory, one cannot proficient place every soundbox into two boxes. So of course in practice, holidaymakers fall aroundwhere in between these to extreme examples as mid-centric. Plogs theories ar also discusses in Tourism Principles and Practices (Cooper et al, 1998 pg35) they stir his theories are steadfastly to apply inside the tourist fabrication. Tourist will travel with different motivations on different occasions.They also follow on to suggest, that out of these individuals that lean more towards the psycho-centric are of a lower incomes. This in turn would resile the style or type of holiday they would go on. There motivations wouldnt be different just the tourist destination. It would just mean that having a domestic holiday would be more appealing to save money. The family great power pick out for a low-key holiday like going camping in the Lake District, or to a Butlins seaside resort.Incomes are one of the major factors in deciding where to travel. As we have briefly discussed a budget holiday and Plogs theories. He would suggest that on the other side of the home plate tourists with more expendable funds would certainly have different destinations in musical theme. But with money comes affordability, witch fashion and trends are a by-product of. Just like keeping up with the latest cloths fashions, is the appeal of some destination. This would be the chase, and not wanting to stereotype here. But for or the schoolboyish generation on that point will constantly be the seduction of the quaternary Ss. This will most definitely a ppeal to most 18 to 35, which are looking to partake in an atmosphere that is more carefree. Escaping to destinations that are away from the judgement in their local environment. This trend will draw tourist to places like Ibiza, which polish offers sun, sea, sand and sex.But like all cloths they go out of fashion and tastes change. As Holloway says, that all products, including tourism will cognise a life cycle of growth, maturity, saturation and eventually decline. existence young is just one place in the Cycle of Life. It is human nature to evolve, to grow in all areas of life and seek part things. Wells and Gubar (1966) (TPP 2nded Cooper et al pg 41 1998) cauterised the life cycle of families in the USA, from bachelor to retired stage as seen in the graph. ( construe 3) What was appealing to a young person will certainly change when one has more obligations, to their employer and perchance their family. They theorize that as an individual moves through the life cycle there inevitably and wants as a tourist will change.The tourist take are the psychological enquires they are not the essential needs of survival. In justifying these need relegate Abraham Maslow (1966), came up with a hierarchy of needs. (See Figure 1) The graph shows that if more of the Basic and Safety needs are achieved. Well then move on to more Social, Esteem, and Self-actualisation needs. These needs are for well being, much(prenominal) as the need to relax, to have fun and to be in love. The need perhaps is to escape their daily route, or to have sought better weather.These are like the push factors or the motivators, to take the clock time to have a holiday. Figure 4 shows a range of other motivators for foreign travels from the UK. As explained in Holloways book (Holloway 6th ed 2002) these Push Factors are the General Motivators that arise out of our individual perception, of what will satisfy our needs. He also talks about general motivators as a broad reason to tra vel, and is the start of the decision making process. Examples of this would be someone seeks change, maybe from urban environment. They mite looking at going away to the unsophisticated setting, perhaps a weekend in the Cotswolds, (See Figure 5) or viciousness versa.Holloway also follows to say that along with General there is a particularized motivation to travel. The consumer has, in some way got a perception of the destination in mind, will meet their specific needs. The destination in mind might have health befits to the tourist. The attraction to Bath spa might just be, to have a day of relaxation to rest the body in the warm water. The tourist enjoys Broadway musical, so a trip to capital of the United Kingdoms West end it could be (See Figure 6). Or there is a certain attraction thats pulling yourself or maybe your family. equivalent a trip to Disneyland, were the attraction is the destination. Places like these are very convenient, as the accommodation is nearby or on si te of the attraction. May be it the mode of transport that has your attention, like a train trip on the Glacier Express? What ever the motivation there is a process to explain it, and it is lustrated in this simple flow cart. (See Figure 4) The chart briefly out lines the consumers needs, the attraction of the destination, then ending motivation.Conclusion Just start off by formula that yes it is a human right to travel, and have time off from work. But being a tourist to some people is a luxury they just cant afford. There is always going to be two most important factors of be approach shot a tourist, thats time and money. If either one of these two things is lacking, it makes it very baffling to involve in any tourist activity. But in saying that one doesnt need to travel far to become a tourist in ones own country. Looking back at plogs theory, It would suggest that one is more allocentric domestically, than international.The motivations in relation to travel is very diverse, the push to go on holiday is always going to exist. Its the biggest industry in the world customer and consumers are only going to increase. The pull of the destination will change as we all move boulder clay our lives. Our life choices, our attitudes, and the perceptions of other destinations will change. Through the media and other people infusions, will shape the type of holidays we choose. The appeal in going to a certain destinations is forever going to up to the individual. And just like the freedom of rest and leisure, we have a freedom of choice.